Sudan
Background
Sudan, a northeastern country in Africa. It's the largest country in Africa & in the Arab world. It's bordered by Egypt in the north, and Ethiopia to the east. The worlds longest river, The Nile, divides the country between East and west. Sudan is geographically diverse and is rich with oil.
Colonial History
Archaeological evidence states that east of Sudan, in Nubia was inhabited 70,000 years ago. Sudan has strong cultural and religious ties to Egypt. (1821–1885) Modern Egyptian Occupation in 1820, the Albanian-Ottoman ruler of Egypt Muhammad Ali Pasha invaded and conquered northern Sudan.
(1899–1956) Anglo-Egyptian Sudan rule in the 1890s, the British sought to re-establish their control over Sudan, once more officially in the name of the Egyptian Khedive, but in actuality treating the country as British imperial territory. (1956–1989) Independence and civil wars with British rule, Sudan fueled a nationalist backlash in Egypt.
(1989) Colonel Omar al-Bashir made a new military government and suspended political parties & introduced Islamic legal code.
(1899–1956) Anglo-Egyptian Sudan rule in the 1890s, the British sought to re-establish their control over Sudan, once more officially in the name of the Egyptian Khedive, but in actuality treating the country as British imperial territory. (1956–1989) Independence and civil wars with British rule, Sudan fueled a nationalist backlash in Egypt.
(1989) Colonel Omar al-Bashir made a new military government and suspended political parties & introduced Islamic legal code.
What happened after Europe left?
When European rule ended, independence was overshadowed by unresolved issues. This flared a full on civil war that the central government was ill-equipped to supress. The military-led government agreed to autonomy for the South, but short after fighting broke out again. After two years, the rebels signed a peace deal with the government to end civil war in 2005. There is still conflict going on in Sudan between the government and the rebels.
Current Affairs~
In 1966, the Ummah Party split into two groups, one conservative & the other is progressive. The following year, the Democratic Unionist Party was formed from the amalgamation of the National Unionist Party and the People's Democratic Party. In the May 1968 elections, the Democratic Unionist Party won 101 of 218 parliamentary seats, while no other party captured more than 36. In April 1986, in the first free elections held since 1968, the Ummah Party won 99 of 301 parliamentary seats, the DUP won 63, and the fundamentalist National Islamic Front won 51. A new constitution was adopted in 1998 and the parties had to accept the constitution to avoid using violence. Elections were held in December 2000, & al-Bashir was re-elected. ***According to the commission anyone who has a parent or ancestor from a southern tribe indigenous to the south can vote (on Jan. 9) Also anyone else who has been a permanent resident or whose parents or grandparents have been in the south since 1956 can vote. ***The main political parties are:
Democratic Unionist Party
Umma Party
National Congress
Popular Congress
Sudanese Communist Party
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
Liberal Democratic Party
National Democratic Alliance
Sudanese Unity National Party (S.U.N. Party!)
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CURRENT MAJOR ISSUES IN SUDAN:
There are still major issues that plague the country of Sudan. One of them is poverty. Many citizens of Sudan are in poverty. Sudan is receiving foreign aid to get clean water and food. Another issue are the rebels. Many rebels are still out killing many innocent people. There are many deaths and Sudan is a very hostile environment. Sudan has been in war with itself for almost their entire post-colonial history. Sudan has under-gone many wars.
~~~~ Sudan's economic growth had been caused mainly by a large influx of capital from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, invested with the expectation that Sudan would become "the breadbasket" of the Arab world. By large increments of foreign aid from the United States and the European Community (EC), predictions of continuing economic growth were sustained by loans from the World Bank and generous contributions from such disparate countries as Norway, Yugoslavia, and China. Sudan's greatest economic resource was its agriculture, to be developed in the vast arable land. Sudan's major export is OIL. Sudan exports oil, and gains most of their money from that. Sudan is rich in oil and their economy is mainly supported by that export. Other exports from Sudan are it's natural resources found near the Nile River where there is fertile land. Sudan doesn't have the best economy, but then again, it isn't the worst. There is much conflict over the oil, but it's still Sudan's main export.
Democratic Unionist Party
Umma Party
National Congress
Popular Congress
Sudanese Communist Party
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
Liberal Democratic Party
National Democratic Alliance
Sudanese Unity National Party (S.U.N. Party!)
~~~~
CURRENT MAJOR ISSUES IN SUDAN:
There are still major issues that plague the country of Sudan. One of them is poverty. Many citizens of Sudan are in poverty. Sudan is receiving foreign aid to get clean water and food. Another issue are the rebels. Many rebels are still out killing many innocent people. There are many deaths and Sudan is a very hostile environment. Sudan has been in war with itself for almost their entire post-colonial history. Sudan has under-gone many wars.
~~~~ Sudan's economic growth had been caused mainly by a large influx of capital from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, invested with the expectation that Sudan would become "the breadbasket" of the Arab world. By large increments of foreign aid from the United States and the European Community (EC), predictions of continuing economic growth were sustained by loans from the World Bank and generous contributions from such disparate countries as Norway, Yugoslavia, and China. Sudan's greatest economic resource was its agriculture, to be developed in the vast arable land. Sudan's major export is OIL. Sudan exports oil, and gains most of their money from that. Sudan is rich in oil and their economy is mainly supported by that export. Other exports from Sudan are it's natural resources found near the Nile River where there is fertile land. Sudan doesn't have the best economy, but then again, it isn't the worst. There is much conflict over the oil, but it's still Sudan's main export.
{Picture above shows Sudan's military-led government.} ^^^^^
*QUIZ MASTER*
This is a 10 question quiz that you are free to take after reading through the information provided on this page.
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